我国天然气供需矛盾突出、调峰需求大，地下储气库已成为保障供气稳定的关键基础设施。然而，盐穴型储气库高压环境下的盐岩蠕变会引发显著地表形变，严重威胁储气库安全生产。因此，精细获取储气库地表形变信息，是保障其安全稳定运行的重要前提。本文基于全散射体InSAR(FS-InSAR)技术，利用79期Sentinel-1时序雷达影像，精细反演了某盐穴型储气库2021年8月至2024年8月的地表形变场，分析了储气库的形变空间分布差异，并结合注采气数据对比分析了储气库形变的时序演化特征。结果表明，FS-InSAR技术可获取水域、农田等分布较多的储气库区域高精度高密度的地表形变信息，监测密度达1121个点/km2，实现了除水体之外的全像素地表形变监测。28个水准数据验证显示，InSAR地表形变结果精度为2.9 mm/a。该储气库不同区域呈现差异化地表形变特征，老腔区域发育一定程度的地面沉降，最大沉降速率达82 mm/a；新腔区域沉降相对较小，沉降速率多为10-20 mm/a，这可能与新腔采用天然气阻溶回溶、氮气阻溶水溶等先进造腔技术有关。时序上，地表形变呈显著周期性，与注采气活动高度相关，即注气阶段地表抬升，采气阶段下沉。本研究为储气库全域高风险形变区域的早期识别提供了重要参考，将有助于储气库注采气的科学调度与管理。

China faces significant contradictions in natural gas supply-demand and substantial peak-shaving requirements, making underground gas storage facilities critical infrastructure for ensuring stable gas supply. However, salt rock creep induced by high-pressure operations in salt cavern gas storage can trigger pronounced ground deformation, posing severe threats to the safe production of storage facilities. Accurately mapping fine ground deformation of gas storage has thus become a prerequisite for ensuring their safe and stable operation. This study aims to characterize the spatio-temporal patterns of ground deformation in a large-scale salt cavern gas storage using advanced time series interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique, and to validate the feasibility of high-precision monitoring for hazard prevention. Method: This research employs the latest Full Scatterer InSAR (FS-InSAR) technique, with the ability of separating temporal low-frequency deformation phase from temporal high-frequency phases such as atmospheric delay contribution, to process 79 Sentinel-1 C-band SAR images acquired from August 2021 to August 2024. The dataset covers a large-scale salt cavern gas storage in eastern China. Through time-series SAR processing, including interferogram generation, phase unwrapping, dual-scale temporal low-pass filtering and deformation inversion, the study retrieves millimetric-level ground deformation rates and cumulative deformation. Additionally, leveling measurements collected synchronously are used to validate the accuracy of FS-InSAR results. Result: The FS-InSAR technology can obtain high-precision and high-density ground deformation in gas storage areas with abundant water and farmland. The monitoring density reaches up to 1,121points/km2, enabling full-pixel deformation monitoring for all areas except water bodies. Validation by 28 synchronously levelling data shows that the accuracy of FS-InSAR deformation results is 2.9 mm/a. The new and old cavities in this gas storage exhibit significantly differentiated deformation characteristics. Severe land subsidence has occurred in the old cavity area, with a maximum subsidence rate of up to 82 mm/year. Subsidence in the new cavity area is relatively minor, mostly with subsidence rates of 10-20 mm/a. This difference may be related to the application of advanced technologies such as natural gas resistance dissolution and re-dissolution cavity construction in new cavities, which can effectively control cavity shape, reduce stress concentration, and achieve better stability. Time-series analysis shows that the periodic surface deformation of the gas storage is highly correlated with gas injection and production activities. During the gas production stage, the release of reservoir pore pressure causes elastic retraction of the rock skeleton, leading to ground subsidence. Conversely, during the gas injection stage, ground uplift is observed. Therefore, during the operation of the gas storage, the pressure inside the cavity should be closely monitored to prevent the risk of rock creep caused by excessively high or low pressures. Conclusion: This study highlights the effectiveness of FS-InSAR in providing high-resolution, continuous monitoring of surface deformation in salt cavern gas storage facilities. The identified spatial heterogeneity and periodic deformation patterns underscore the importance of integrating radar remote sensing with operational data for real-time safety assessment. The technology enables early detection of high-risk zones (e.g., old caverns with severe subsidence) and facilitates adaptive management of gas storage operations. The findings contribute to the development of intelligent monitoring systems for underground energy storage infrastructure, supporting sustainable and secure gas supply in China’s energy transition.