矿物的类型、丰度及其粒径分布对理解月球和行星表面曾经存在过怎样的地质演化过程具有重要的意义。本文提出基于辐射传输模型和稀疏分解模型反演矿物丰度及其粒径分布的方法，利用辐射传输模型计算各矿物端元不同粒径的单次散射反照率以构建解混光谱库，然后基于稀疏分解算法得到在每个可观测像元的端元最优丰度和粒径分布。利用实验室测量数据进行验证，表明本文方法具有较高的精度。最后根据玉兔号月球车的实地测量光谱数据，利用本文方法获得了其矿物的丰度及粒径分布，结果显示，辉石、橄榄石、斜长石、熔融玻璃和钛铁矿的丰度在4个观测点的平均丰度分别为28.1%、4.5%、39%、28%、0.4%，辉石的平均粒径为166.02 μm，橄榄石为8.34 μm，斜长石为196.31 μm，熔融玻璃为44.21 μm，一定程度上表明在这些观测点不同矿物对太空风化的响应不同。

A fundamental subject in planetary exploration and sciences is the determination of mineral abundance and size distribution from visible/near-infrared spectra. Such knowledge can help better understand what geologic processes have been active on the lunar and planetary surface. The imaging spectrometer carried by the Yutu rover of the Chang'E-3 mission measured the reflectance spectra of lunar soil at a height of approximately 1 m, providing a new insight for understanding lunar surface. A new method was proposed to retrieve mineral abundance and particle size distribution and apply the results to Yutu rover in situ measurement.
A methodology combining Hapke radiative transfer model and sparse unmixing algorithm was proposed in this study to retrieve mineral abundance and particle size distribution. The imaginary part of the refractive index of each endmember was first calculated by solving the Hapke model. The single-scattering albedos of each endmember with different particle sizes were obtained based on the Hapke slab model, and then the endmember library was constructed. Finally, the single-scattering albedo of the mineral mixture, which was computed using Hapke bidirectional equation, was unmixed using sparse unmixing algorithm with the aid of the endmember library.
Laboratory measurements collected from the Reflectance Experiment Laboratory were used to validate the methodology. Results showed that the methodology has good performance in retrieving the abundance and particle size from mineral mixtures. Finally, the methodology was applied to Yutu rover measurement. The values of average abundance of pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase, agglutinit, and ilmenite at four observation points were 28.1%, 4.5%, 39%, 28%, and 0.4%, respectively. The average particle sizes of pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase, and fused glass were 166.02, 8.34, 196.31, and 44.21 μm, respectively, possibly indicating the different response of each component to space weathering in this site.