为定量分析临近空间大气环境参数的准确性，利用10年以上的TIMED和ENVISAT卫星探测数据，以及根据理想气体状态方程和地转风公式计算出的密度和风场结果，统计得到大气温度、密度、纬向风、经向风和合成风的分布，并与中国参考大气开展对比验证，分析中国区域内临近空间大气参数误差随高度、纬度和经度的季节变化规律，对于临近空间卫星数据应用、环境特性分析和气象保障具有重要意义。研究表明：温度偏差在55 km高度以上的春季和秋季沿纬向逐渐减小，密度偏差随高度降低逐渐增大，沿经向在30 km高度以下存在偏差较大的经度带。纬向风偏差在夏季随高度的变化特征明显不同，沿纬向在40-70 km高度逐渐减小；经向风偏差在40 km高度以下沿纬向均匀分布，且季节性差异较小；合成风偏差随高度的震荡特征明显，沿纬向在秋季的40-60 km高度先减小后增大，沿经向在春季的30-45 km高度呈不断减小趋势。

To quantitatively analyze the accuracy of atmospheric parameters in near space using satellite data from TIMED and ENVISAT for more than 10 years and the density and wind calculated through the ideal gas equation of state and geostrophic wind formula, the atmospheric temperature, density, and zonal, meridional, and resultant winds are statistically calculated. These parameters are compared with China Reference Atmosphere to analyze the seasonal variation of atmospheric parameter deviation along the altitude, latitude, and longitude, which is significant for the application of satellite data, analysis of environmental characteristics, and support of meteorology in near space. The results are shown bolow. A temperature deviation above 55 km in the altitude decreases along the zonal direction during spring and autumn. Density deviation increases as altitude decreases, whereas in an altitude below 30 km, some longitudinal belts manifest large deviations along the meridional direction. The deviation of zonal wind speed has significant differences during summer as altitude increases, and it decreases along the zonal direction in altitudes between 40 km and 70 km. At an altitude below 40 km, the deviation of meridional wind speed has a uniform distribution along the zonal direction, and the difference between each season is not significant. The deviation of resultant wind speed evidentlyoscillatesas altitude increases. Along the zonal direction, it decreases and increases in altitudes between 40 km and 60 km during autumn, whereas along the meridional direction, it shows a decreasing trend in altitudes between 30 km and 45 km during spring.