20世纪70年代末到80年代，中国多家单位大联合、大团结、大协作，开展了腾冲航空遥感试验、天津-渤海湾环境遥感试验和二滩水能开发遥感试验三项遥感科学试验，通过多学科交叉融合，提升了中国对遥感技术应用的认识，培养出一大批遥感科学技术人才和专家，取得了丰硕的科技成果和显著的社会经济效益。这3项试验成功地将遥感综合应用系统性地引入中国，标志着中国多领域遥感应用的起步，被称为中国遥感的“三大战役”。经过40年快速发展、积累酝酿、大胆创新、快速迭代，中国航天遥感应用迈过了几个重要阶段，正向战略性新兴产业方向发展。为顺应科技、经济、社会以及全球化发展战略的需求，中国适时实施了高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项、国家民用空间基础设施中长期发展规划和2030中国综合地球观测系统，进一步推进中国航天遥感应用从追赶国外先进技术到强化自主创新的转变，进入规模化、产业化和商业化发展阶段，可谓之为新“三大战役”。结合中国“一带一路”战略的大背景，通过新三大战役的实施，必将深化“走出去”战略，拓展全球服务能力，提升国际竞争力，向新的历史发展高度迈进。

In the 1970s and 1980s as the new period of reform and opening up approached, the Teng Chong aerial remote sensing experiment, the Tianjin-Bohai Bay environmental remote sensing experiment, and the Ertan hydropower exploitation remote sensing experiment were performed to improve the remote sensing technology cognition of China. These remote sensing experiments were the products of an unprecedented, well-organized technological cooperation among several research bodies. Through these experiments, multidisciplinary in-tegration was implemented and a large number of high-quality professional and technical experts were cultivated. China also achieved many scientific and technological achievements as well as remarkable economic and social benefits. Using remote sensing technology, we improved our capability of recognizing our natural environment, and remote sensing integrated application was successfully introduced into China. Therefore, these experiments were collectively called the "three campaigns" of remote sensing in China. After rapidly developing and accumulating over the last 40 years, spaceborne remote sensing application has entered several important stages and is increasingly becoming a strategic emerging industry oriented through continuous accumulation, bold innovation, and rapid collection. To satisfy the demands of China's current science, technology, economy, society, and globalization development strategies, the high-resolution Earth observation system, the national civil space infrastructure and long-term development plan, and the global earth observation system (2030) were implemented in China to help the country shift from pursuing foreign advanced technologies to pursuing research and development independently. By paving the way for space remote sensing applications to enter the stages of industrialization and commercialization, these three projects can be collectively called the new "three campaigns" of remote sensing in China. Combined with the Belt and the Road, the implementation of these "three campaigns" will enhance the "going out" strategy, expand the global service ability, and enhance the international competitiveness of China to a new level.