地表温度是表征地表过程变化的一个非常重要的特征物理量，是地表-大气能量交换的直接驱动因子，广泛地用于地表能量平衡、气候变化和资源环境监测等研究领域。本文系统地评述了热红外地表温度遥感反演方法，包括单通道算法、多通道算法、多角度算法、多时相算法和高光谱反演算法。回顾了地表温度反演的基础理论和方法；并在此基础上，进一步综述了地表温度遥感反演的验证方法，以及地表温度的时间和角度归一化方法；最后对未来提高地表温度反演精度的研究方向提出了建议。

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key parameter in the physical processes of surface energy and water balance at local and global scales. Knowledge of LST provides information on the temporal and spatial variations of the surface equilibrium state and is of fundamental importance in many applications. This paper systematically surveys the methods for LST derived from thermal infrared remotely sensed data. These methods include single-channel, multi-channel, multi-angle, multi-temporal, and hyperspectral retrieval methods. To provide potential LST users with reliable information regarding the quality of the LST product and to provide feedback to the developers of LST retrieval algorithms for future improvement, assessing the accuracy of the retrieved LST is necessary. We review the methods used to validate LST derived from thermal infrared remotely sensed data, including temperature-based, radiance-based, and inter-comparison methods. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are discussed. Furthermore, we review the temporal and angular normalization methods of satellite-derived LST. Finally, we present suggestions for future research to improve the accuracy of satellite-derived LST.