随着遥感卫星应用的发展,多源、多时相、多尺度以及不同类型遥感卫星的数据综合集成应用以及与地面观测信息集成,对遥感信息产品进行深度开发利用正在成为遥感应用的重要趋势。目前不同国家和地区、不同系列的遥感卫星数据产品分别采用不同的分类分级方案,难以适应多源、多系列地理空间信息整合应用的需求。本文从遥感应用对遥感卫星数据产品分类分级的需求出发,分析了目前主要遥感卫星的产品系列及其数据产品分类分级规则,参考了正在研究的相关国际标准,遵循系统性、科学性、完整性、兼容性、可操作性和可扩充性原则,研究提出了中国遥感卫星数据产品分类分级的规则。该规则以卫星载荷采用的遥感探测光谱特征及其数据获取方式作为分类依据,以卫星遥感数据的处理水平作为分级依据,建立统一的遥感卫星数据产品的分类分级体系。该规则与正在研究制订的相关国际标准保持一致,不但覆盖目前广泛应用的各类遥感卫星数据产品,而且能方便地建立与现有遥感卫星数据产品分类分级方案的映射关系,并且对未来的数据产品的分类分级留有比较充分的可扩充性,为遥感卫星数据产品分类分级指标体系的研究和相关国家标准的研制提供了依据。

Remote sensing information products utilizing the multi-source, multi-scale, multi-temporal, multi-type remote sensing satellite data and ground observation data become important research topics. The various classification and gradation rules of data products from different remote sensing satellites in different countries have difficulty in meeting the requirements of the integration of multi-source and multi-type geographic information. The main products series as well as the classification and gradation rules for both domestic and abroad usage were investigated in this paper. A new classification and gradation rule for remote sensing satellite data products in China was provided following the principles of efficiency, science, integrality compatibility, maneuverability, and extendibility. The classification rule was based on the spectral character and data acquisition method, whereas the gradation rule was based on the processing level of remote satellite data. The uniform classification and gradation rule was built. The rule could keep up with the correlative international standards that is still on progress.The rule included major remote sensing satellite data products at present and could conveniently build a mapping mechanism with other classification and gradation rules. Its scalability can meet the requirements of classification and gradation for new products in the future. The rule provided the basis for research on the indicator system of classification and gradation and for the development of correlative national standards.