地下水作为华北平原农业、居民用水的主要供水源之一，探究华北平原近二十年来的水资源变化情况，对于华北平原水资源管理提供了有力的参考价值。利用GRACE CSR Mascon RL06重力卫星数据、GLDAS模型数据以及农田灌溉用水量数据研究了华北平原2002-2022年水储量变化的时空特征变化，并采取了奇异谱分析法（Singular Spectrum Analysis，SSA）对GRACE Mascon重力卫星数据进行插值填补，结合降水站点数据、小麦分布数据以及夜光辐射强度分布数据分析了降水量、农业用水以及居民用水对该区域的水储量变化的影响。研究表明：（1）华北平原地下水储量变化在2002-2011年与2012-2019年分别以速率为-0.19 cm/a、-1.69 cm/a下降，后以4.78 cm/a的速率在2020-2022年期间上升；（2）空间分布上，华北平原地下水储量变化在2002-2022年间东北部呈上升趋势，西南部呈下降趋势，北部较南部降幅更为显著；（3）农田灌溉用水量春夏平均值为2.42 cm/month，最大值为5.00 cm/month；（4）2002至2022年的年降水量空间分布不均导致华北平原北部的地下水储量变化的下降幅度更为显著；农业用水与居民用水的增多加剧了华北平原北部的地下水储量变化的下降趋势；（5）月降水量的增加对地下水产生正向的影响，与地下水储量变化差值为同向变化关系。本文阐释了华北平原的近年来地下水储量变化的时空趋势变化，并揭示了多源影响因素（降水、农业用水和居民用水）对华北平原地下水储量变化的影响。

”Objective” Groundwater constitutes a pivotal source of water supply for agricultural and residential purposes in the North China Plain. However, the excessive exploitation of groundwater in the North China Plain has given rise to numerous ecological and environmental challenges in recent years. Therefore, exploring the shifts in water resources in this region over the past two decades holds significant importance for effective water management. Notably, the satellite alternation during 2017-2018 resulted in a notable gap in data, often posing challenges for researchers to comprehensively cover this transition period in their studies, thus constraining the scope and depth of their analysis. ”Method” To address this issue, our study employed the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) method to interpolate and fill in the missing GRACE Mascon gravity satellite data. Furthermore, we leveraged the GRACE CSR Mascon RL06 gravity satellite data, GLDAS model data, and irrigation water use data to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of water storage changes in the North China Plain from 2002 to 2022. Additionally, by integrating precipitation station data, wheat distribution data, and luminous radiation intensity distribution data, we delve into the impacts of precipitation, agricultural water use, and domestic water use on the spatiotemporal changes in water storage in the region. This comprehensive approach, considering both the main income items and expenditure items of groundwater resources, offers a robust framework for analyzing the intricate water dynamics in the North China Plain. ”Result” The study reveals several key findings: (1) Groundwater storage anomaly in the North China Plain exhibited a decreasing trend, with rates of -0.19 cm/a and -1.69 cm/a during 2002-2011 and 2012-2019, respectively, followed by an increase of 4.78 cm/a in 2020-2022. (2) Spatially, there is an upward trend in the northeastern part and a downward trend in the southwestern part of the Plain, with a more prominent decrease in the north compared to the south. (3) The average monthly water consumption for farmland irrigation in spring and summer stands at 2.42 cm/month, peaking at 5.00 cm/month. (4) The uneven distribution of precipitation led to a more pronounced decline in groundwater reserves specifically in the northern section of the North China Plain. Spatial variations in agricultural and residential water usage significantly influenced the trends of groundwater reserve changes across the region. Notably, these spatial differences were mirrored in the varying degrees of agricultural and residential water consumption. The escalating agricultural and residential water demands exacerbated the already decreasing trend of groundwater storage in the northern part of the North China Plain. (5) An increase in precipitation positively impacts groundwater, and the direction of this relationship aligns with the variation in groundwater storage anomaly. These findings provide crucial insights into the complex dynamics of water resources in the North China Plain and inform effective water management strategies. ”Conclusion” This paper delves into the spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater storage anomaly in the North China Plain over recent years, unveiling the intricate influence of multifaceted factors, encompassing precipitation, agricultural water consumption, and domestic water utilization, on the dynamic anomaly in groundwater storage in this region.