近年来，四川省冬春季森林草原火灾频发，对当地生态、百姓和消防人员的生命财产安全造成巨大威胁。本研究旨在基于多源遥感观测数据探究2001-2021年四川省森林草原火灾的时空特征，服务于该区域未来火灾预警防控等需求。该研究基于MCD64A1、Fire_CCI51和MCD14ML等多源遥感数据提取研究区域有效火点数据，运用地理信息系统探究森林草原火灾时序趋势及空间分布，并采用数理统计、自适应模糊神经网络两种方式探究气象、可燃物和地形等影响因子与火灾的相关性。结果显示，该区域2001-2014年火灾频率及过火面积呈上升趋势，1~5月为火灾高发期；火灾空间分布具有异质性，主要集中于四川省西南部，而近期东北部的草原火灾明显增加；森林火灾发生与可燃物含水率的相关性较高，草原火灾发生与相对湿度的相关性较高，同时推测人为因素对草原火灾的诱发存在较大影响。该项研究基于多源遥感观测数据对2001-2021年四川省森林草原火灾时空特征进行了定性与定量的分析，为该区域森林草原火灾防控预警等需求提供有效先验信息。

[Objective] Forest wildfires have occurred frequently in Sichuan province in recent years, posing a significant threat to local ecological security as well as the lives and property of people and rescue workers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics of forest grassland fires in Sichuan Province from 2001 to 2021, and to provide useful information for fire prevention and control decisions. [Method] Based on MCD64A1, Fire_CCI51 and MCD14ML multi-source remote sensing fire products, extracted effective fire points, acquired regional fire data, and explored the temporal trend and spatial distribution of forest and grassland fires by using geographic information system. The relationship between climatic, combustible, and topography environment factors and fire was examined using mathematical statistics and an adaptable fuzzy neural network. [Result] The results showed that the fire frequency and fire area increased from 2001 to 2014, and the fire occurred frequently from January to May. The spatial distribution of grassland fires is heterogeneous, mainly concentrated in the southwest of Sichuan Province, while the northeast of China has increased significantly recently. In the correlation analysis of various influencing factors, the correlation between forest fire and fuel water content is high, and environmental variables are the main driving factors of temporal and spatial characteristics of forest fire. The correlation between grassland fire and meteorological factors is high, but it is speculated that human factors have great influence on grassland fire characteristics. [Conclusion] Based on the analysis of the temporal and spatial characteristics of fire in Sichuan province, provides a decision basis for forest grassland fire prevention and control policy, early warning and monitoring in this region.