防洪是数字孪生流域的重要应用领域,数字孪生流域防洪应用不仅需要对流域中的自然要素进行科学表达,同时也需要对人类的活动特征进行描述。虚拟地理环境将自然要素与人文要素进行耦合研究,侧重于构建沉浸式的实验和认知环境,可以为数字孪生流域防洪中的人地关系建模以及洪水场景表达与风险认知提供新视角和新方法。本文首先介绍数字孪生流域的概念、发展现状以及虚拟地理环境的特征,然后基于虚拟地理环境提出数字孪生流域防洪应用技术框架,阐述了数字化流域场景构建、数字流域状态同步、洪水时空过程建模与实验、人地关系建模、洪水场景表达与风险认知等关键技术,最后对数字孪生流域中的沉浸式VR/AR应用、公众参与防洪等未来的发展进行了展望。

Flood control is the main application field of the digital twin basin. The application of flood control in the digital twin basin not only needs to scientifically express the natural elements in the basin, but also needs to describe the characteristics of human activities. Virtual geographic environment integrates natural elements and human elements, focuses on building an immersive experimental and cognitive environment, and it provides a new perspective and method for the modeling of man-land relationship, flood scene expression and risk cognition in the digital twin basin flood control. This paper firstly introduces the concept and development status of the digital twin basin, as well as the characteristics of the virtual geographical environment, and then puts forward the technical framework of the digital twin basin flood control based on the virtual geographical environment, and explains the key technologies such as the construction of the digital basin scene, the state synchronization of the digital basin, the modeling and experiment of the flood spatial-temporal process, the human-land relationship modeling, the expression of the flood scene and the risk perception. Finally, the future development of immersive VR/AR application and public participation in flood control in the digital twin basin is prospected.