无地面控制点卫星摄影测量是实现全球测绘的有效手段。实现无地面控制点摄影测量主要途径包括:一是卫星姿态稳定度达到1×10^-6(°/s);二是高精度的姿态测定系统;三是摄影测量光束法平差处理。以往受制于技术等因素, 实现无地面控制点摄影测量只能依靠摄影测量光束法平差技术。“天绘一号”卫星研发了集相机在轨标定、全三线交会光束法平差、角元素低频误差补偿及偏流角效应改正为一体的EFP多功能光束法平差技术, 并通过“天绘一号”卫星影像数据对该技术进行了验证。实验结果表明:无地面控制点定位精度达到10.3 m/5.7 m(平面/高程), 满足测制1:5万比例尺地形图精度要求

Satellite photogrammetry without ground control points is an efficient method for global mapping, which has three ways:the fi rst is that the attitude stability of satellite attains 1×10^-6(°/s),the second is high-precision attitude mensuration system,and the third is photogrammetry bundle adjustment. Because of the limitation of techniques, the only way to realize the photogrammetry without ground control points is photogrammetry bundle adjustment. When the research of bundle adjustment abroad couldn’t resolve the high-precision positioning without ground control points, we had developed the EFP (Equivalent Frame Photo)multi-functional bundle adjustment technique in Mapping Satellite-1 engineering, which included camera on-orbit calibration, bundle adjustment to whole three-lines intersection area, error compensation of attitude angle with low frequency and drift angle (yawing) effect processing.The technique was validated using Mapping Satellite-1 imagey datum. The results show that the positioning accuracy without ground control points had reached 10.3 m/5.7 m(plane/height),and met the precision requirement of mapping topographical map on a scal of 1:50000.