系统介绍了自主研制的基于制冷面阵CCD地面成像光谱辐射测量系统(field Imaging spectrometer system, FISS)的成像原理, 结构设计, 主要指标参数和数据处理流程等。利用室内布设的精确标志点和野外测量数据纠正了FISS系统几何畸变; 利用自行开发的光谱定标软件对FISS系统进行波长定标, 确定了各通道中心波长和全波半高宽; 在室内, 以积分球为光源, 对FISS系统逐波段进行了绝对辐射定标, 定标精度优于5%, 并建立了各种测量条件下绝对辐射定标系数查找表; 最后, 利用FISS系统样机进行了大量室内和野外测量实验, 并基于获取的部分数据做了作物-杂草识别、近海岸海洋环境试验、牛奶品种识别和植物生化参量反演等研究。研究结果表明, FISS系统能够成功地用于上述领域的研究, 并在地质、食品、农业、林业和城市等领域也具有强大的应用潜力。

This paper describes the field imaging spectrometer system (FISS) based on a cooling area CCD, describing its imaging principle, structural design, main technology parameters, and data processing flow. Geometric rectification of the FISS was implemented using precise indoor markers and outdoor measured data. Spectral calibration of the FISS was conducted using self-programmed spectral calibration software which determined the center wavelength and the full width at half maximum of each band. An integrating sphere was used to achieve absolute radiometric calibration of the FISS with less than 5% calibration error for each band. In addition, a look-up table of radiometric calibration coefficients for various measured conditions was gen-erated and various laboratory and field tests were carried out. Crop-weed discrimination, offshore marine environment monitor-ing, milk discrimination, and estimation of vegetation biochemical information were studied using previously acquired data. The FISS provided successful results for all of the above examples, suggesting its potential application in other fields, including geo-logy, food science, agriculture, forestry, and urban research.