煤炭开发对草地的影响主要体现在对草地的直接破坏和草地荒漠化。以霍林河露天煤矿区为例，基于决策树和BP神经网络，完成了草地荒漠化信息提取，并对研究区16年来的荒漠化情况进行了分析，结果表明：①从1987年至2003年间，研究区荒漠化总面积存在由强转弱、再由弱变强的演变过程，这与气候变化和人为活动有直接关系，但更多的是受气候变化影响的缘故；②轻度荒漠化、中度荒漠化面积同样经历了由强转弱、再由弱变强的演变过程，分析其原因，主要是受气候变化的影响，其次是受超载放牧、掏挖药材以及垦荒等因素影响；③受煤炭开发的影响，重度荒漠化草地多围绕矿业建设用地呈“ ”状分布，并且受季风影响向矿业建设用地东侧发展迅速；④重度荒漠化草地面积在16年间始终呈现出高增长的态势，并与矿业建设用地相关关系显著，可将矿业建设用地面积作为评价、预测该区煤炭开发对生态环境影响的重要依据。

Impacts of coal exploitation on grassland are grassland destruction and desertification. In this\npaper, the desertified grassland inHuolinhe open-cast coalmine was extracted from remote sensing mi agey by\nusing decision tree and back-propagation(BP) neuralnetwork, and the desertification during the past16 years\nin the study areawas analyzed. The results indicate that①from 1987 to 2003, there is a strong toweak, then\nweak to strong evolution process for the totalgrassland desertification, which can be attributed to clmi ate change\nand human activities, especially to the influence of clmi ate change;②there is a evolution smi ilar rocess from\nstrong toweak, then from weak to strong for the area ofmedium desertification and slightdesertification, which\ncan bemainly ascribed to the clmi ate changes, then to the over-grazing, uprooting of themedicinalmaterials,\nand over-reclamation;③due to the coal exploitation, the severe desertification is always in shape of“　▲”\naround themining land, and developed to the east quickly with the help ofmonsoon;④the area of severe\ngrassland desertification is on the increase during the past16 years, and there ismuch correlation between the mining land and severe grassland desertification area, so themining land area can be served as an mi portant\nindicator for coalfield eco-environment assessment and prediction.