利用地物光谱测量技术及同步配套的常规水质采样分析实验，对上海市黄浦江全河段水体进行调查研究。共选取31个典型站位进行了光谱测量和同步水质取样，每个测点分析了9个水质指标，包括TP，TN，CODMn，CODCr，NH3-N，BOD5，DO，悬浮物浓度和浊度。各水质参数之间存在较大的相关性，以总氮（TN）和悬浮物浓度两个水质指标为例，分析了这两个水质指标与单波段归一化反射率、反射率的一阶微分、不同波段之间反射率的比值以及反射率取对数等之间的相关关系，给出了以上两个水质指标的单波段归一化反射率、一阶微分反射率识别的特征波段，以及两个波段比值的最佳波段组合。建立了常规水质参数与水体光谱反射率之间的关系模型，为利用遥感技术监测水环境提供了基础。

This study was conducted to establish correlations between reflectance spectra and water quality indexes of the Huangpujiang River of Shanghai, sampled in August and November of 2002.31 typical stations were selected to measure the spectral reflectance and 9 water quality parameters were analyzed for every measured stations,including Total Phosphorous(TP),Total Nitrogen(TN),Chemical Demand Oxygen with potassium permanganate(COD_(Mn)) and with chromate (COD_(Cr)),Dissolved Oxygen(DO),Biological Demand Oxygen(BOD_5),Suspended Sediments and Turbidity.With significant correlation between the nine water quality indexes,TN and suspended sediment concentration were selected,then the paper mainly analyzed the correlations between the two water quality indexes and the normalized reflectance,its logarithm,derivative spectrum,and the ratio of spectral reflectance at different bands.The characterized bands were analyzed for the two water quality parameters with single band normalized spectral reflectance and the first derivative reflectance,and the linear models were built between the water quality parameters and the spectral reflectance ratios of different band,all these models had the good correlation coefficient of more than 0.75 between the two parameters and the spectra reflectance.