合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的斑点噪声阻碍SAR的应用。在过去20多年中，提出了许多SAR图像去除斑点噪声方法，虽然每种去除斑点噪声方法都能有效去除斑点噪声，但都不同程度地损失了图像的边缘信息，本文首先以数学物理的观点描述了SAR图像斑点噪声抑制问题。其次分析了斑点噪声的统计特性和几种典型的去除斑点噪声方法并进行了简单的比较，在最后研究了SAR图像斑点噪声抑制的本质，这对开发既能有效去除斑点噪声，又能有效保持边缘信息的去除噪声方法十分重要。

The Speckle in SAR images disturbs SAR image application. In the past 20 years numerous methods to reduce speckle in SAR images have been proposed. Although these methods can effectively reduce speckle in SAR images, they blur edge and texture information. In this paper, SAR image speckle suppression is analyzed from the view of mathematical physics. In fact, SAR image speckle suppression is an inverse problem. The essence SAR image speckle suppression is found by analyzing the speckle statistical distribution and the common speckle filters. It is important for developing the method, which can effectively reduce speckle in SAR images and can preserve edge and texture information.