定量的估计陆地植被的光合作用,是估算作物产量和净初级生产力的基础。简要介绍了当前国内外CO2通量观测研究的方法以及与尺度问题有关的一些地学问题,重点阐述了陆地植被气孔导度模型和光合作用模型的尺度扩展以及尺度转化方法,总结了从植被叶片尺度到冠层尺度的4种尺度扩展模型(大叶模型、多层模型、两片大叶模型以及多层—两片大叶模型)以及从冠层尺度到群落尺度的尺度扩展方法,并对上述模型和方法的适用范围、应用优势以及存在的问题等进行了分析和讨论,指出对不同的研究对象,选择合适尺度的模型和参数是研究成败的关键。

It) is fundamental to calculate photosynthesis of terrestrial vegetation quantificationally for estimating agricultural and terrestrial ecosystem net primary productivity.In this paper,some methods of observing CO_2 flux and some problems of scaling on geography in the world are reviewed briefly, and stomata conductance model and photosynthesis model are analyzed in detail.At the same time,four kinds of upscaling models from leaf to canopy(big-leaf model,multi-layer model,two-big-leaf model,and multi-layer-two-big-leaf model) and some upscaling methods from canopy to community are summarized at length.Advantages and disadvantages are analyzed for all the models and methods, through which a conclusion was drawn that the key of the success in remote sensing researches is how to select suitable models and parameters according to different objects.