空间数据的模糊性是当前GIS领域研究的难点之一。现有的GIS数据模型基本上还不具备对模糊性进行描述、处理和分析的功能 ,使得GIS对数据的处理容易造成信息损失。把粗糙集和模糊集对空间数据的模糊性和不确定性处理的优势结合起来表达模糊对象 ,即利用粗糙集处理由于知识的粒度性所造成的模糊性和不精确性 ;利用模糊集处理模糊对象原始数据所具有的不确定性 ,从而扩展了空间数据模型对模糊数据的表达能力 ,并详细研究了模糊面与模糊面以及模糊线与模糊面之间的拓扑关系。

Fuzziness of spatial data is one of the difficult issues of current GIS research fields，However，existing GIS data model basically does not have the ability of describing，processing and analyzing the fuzziness of spatial data，which is very easy to make information loss in data processing. Fuzzy objects are defined to describe fuzziness of geographical phenomena and processes. Every element of an object does not always belong to one object，but can belong to several fuzzy objects with a fuzzy number indicating degree it belongs to the object. In this article，we combine the advantages of rough set with that of fuzzy set to express fuzzy objects. First，giving arbitrary two real numbersα，β and letting 0 <β≤ α≤1，then，a fuzzy object A can be described as combination of down approximation RAα and upper approximation RAβ using rough set. Second the interior of A can be defined as RAα ，its boundary as RAβ - RAα ，and its exterior as U-RAβ ， U is the domain. Finally，the 9-interxection model of spatial topological relations proposed by Egenhofer can be extended by using the new definition of object’s interior，boundary and exterior，and the topological relations between two fuzzy regions， and between a fuzzy region and a fuzzy line under the extended model are researched. There are three types of region / region topological relations，such as fuzzy regions and fuzzy regions（FF），fuzzy regions and crisp regions （FC）and crisp regions and crisp regions （CC），and four types of line-regions topological relations，such as fuzzy regions and fuzzy lines （FF），fuzzy regions and crisp lines （FC），crisp regions and fuzzy lines （CF）and crisp regions and crisp lines （CC）in the paper. In contrast to 9-intersection model，the number of region / region topological relations discerned by extended model is 26 and that of line / region is 38，which is much more than that of 9-intersection model can be discerned. Generally， unlike the 9-intersection，the extended model has following advantages a fuzzy：1）it is enabled to describe the fuzzy objects and crisp objects in a union framework，2）the conventional method of spatial relation describing topological relations is a special instance of it，3）it studies the topological relations of fuzzy objects in details，and 4）it makes spatial data model enable to model the sptial phenomena with fuzziness and enhances the ability and precision of spatial data modeling.